Resource efficiency and environmental impact of juglone in Pericarpium Juglandis: A review

Black walnut ( Juglans nigra ) is considered one of the most valuable plants, with a global production 3.5 million tons dried fruit yearly. Throughout past two millennia, its allelopathic effects have been widely recognized. walnuts produce natural naphthoquinone called juglone, which occurs naturally in all parts tree, particularly green husk, and contributes significantly to black walnut. Except for fruit’s edible nature, husk Pericarpium Juglandis has used centuries make wine, dyes, traditional medicines cure certain diseases. Within extracts 1,4-naphthoquinones, gallic acid, caffeic quercitrin were separated characterized. Among these compounds, major active ingredient good application prospect proven be chemical compound anticancer, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral activities, especially strong anticancer activity. Juglone also an environmentally friendly biological pesticide herbicide. Certainly, environmental impact juglone needs considered. Significant quantities are currently produced as byproduct production; however, value not fully utilized explored, raises concerns. This review attempts to: 1) summarize origin historical use husk; 2) introduce structure, biosynthesis pathway, extraction method, activity, potential applications well assessment.